| Financial Attitudes and Behaviors |
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| Evaluate and reflect on how values affect personal financial decision-making. |
Lesson – Budgeting
Lesson – Pay Yourself First
Lesson – Family Planning
Lesson – Planning Long Term Purchases
Lesson – Investing Strategies
Lesson – Building a Diversified Portfolio
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| Understand how cognitive biases affect personal financial decision-making. |
Lesson – Spending and Savings Plans
Lesson – Researching Spending
Lesson – Classifying Products and Services
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| Explain that loss aversion implies that losses brought about by a decision are weighed more than the gains, which may affect the final decision. |
Lesson – Risk
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| Explain that people place more weight on something they already have as opposed to things they do not. This endowment effect can result in people being reluctant to part with things they possess. |
Lesson – What is Money?
Lesson – What is Wealth?
Lesson – Building Wealth
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| Evaluate how herd mentality affects personal financial decision-making. |
Lesson – Pay Yourself First
Lesson – Spending and Savings Plans
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| Describe how a piece of information received early, even if incorrect or irrelevant, can provide an anchor that people use when making their personal financial decisions. |
Activity – Basic Research and Comparing Stocks
Lesson – Consumer Rights and Responsibilities
Lesson – Researching Spending
Lesson – Pay Yourself First
Lesson – Biggest Mistakes of Job Seekers
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| Describe how people often focus on information that confirms their original beliefs when they research information to make personal financial decisions. |
Lesson – Researching Spending
Lesson – Buying a car
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| Identify examples of how people are affected by present bias. |
Lesson – Analyzing Consumer Behavior
Lesson – Ethics in Marketing
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| Earning Income |
Activity |
Long-Term Game |
Comprehensive Chapter |
Short Lesson |
Interactive Calculator |
Graded Assessment |
| Describe how people choose jobs or careers for which they are qualified based on potential income as well as non-income factors, such as job satisfaction, independence, risk, family, or location. |
Lesson – Career Development
Lesson – Income and Compensation
Lesson – Work vs Study
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| Explain that people vary in their willingness to obtain more education or training because these decisions involve incurring immediate costs to obtain possible future benefits. |
Lesson – Work vs Study
Lesson – Career Development
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| Analyze the ways that people can make more informed education, job, or career decisions by evaluating the benefits and costs of different choices. |
Lesson – Career Development
Lesson – Income and Compensation
Lesson – Work vs Study
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| Analyze the reasons why the wage or salary paid to workers in jobs is usually determined by the labor market. |
Lesson – Income and Compensation
Lesson – Labor and Productivity
Lesson – What is Economic Development?
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| Discuss reasons why changes in economic conditions or the labor market can cause changes in a worker’s income or may cause unemployment. |
Lesson – The Business Cycle
Lesson – Unemployment
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| Explain that taxes are paid to federal, state, and local governments to fund government goods and services as well as transfer payments from government to individuals. |
Activity – Practice Filing The Form 1040
Lesson – What is Economics?
Lesson – Taxation Overview
Lesson – Sales Tax
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| Explain how interest, dividends, and capital gains are forms of income earned from financial investments. |
Stock Game – Core Component
Lesson – Investing Strategies
Lesson – Preparing for Retirement
Lesson – What Are Annuities?
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| Evaluate how the sources of income, amount of income, as well as the amount and type of spending affect the types and amounts of taxes paid. |
Activity – Practice Filing the Form 1040
Lesson – Tax Filing and the Form 1040
Lesson – Common Tax Additions
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| Describe why some people choose to become entrepreneurs as a career choice. |
Lesson – Starting a Business
Lesson – What is Entrepreneurship?
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| Evaluate the benefits and costs of “gig” employment. |
Lesson – Employer and Employee Rights and Responsibilities
Lesson – Income and Compensation
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| Describe how Social Security is funded and the benefit it provides to retirees. |
Lesson – Preparing for Retirement
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| Identify and complete appropriate tax forms to calculate the amount of federal income tax owed. |
Activity – Practice Filing The Form 1040
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| Describe the types and sources of taxes at the local level. |
Lesson – Taxation Overview
Lesson – Sales Tax
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| Buying Goods and Services |
Activity |
Long-Term Game |
Comprehensive Chapter |
Short Lesson |
Interactive Calculator |
Graded Assessment |
| Analyze the factors that influence a consumer’s decision-making process (e.g., the price of a good or service, the price of alternatives, income level, personal preferences, advertisements, and reviews.) |
Budget Game – Core Component
Activity – Use the Car Loans Calculator
Activity – Use the Home Budgeting Calculator
Lesson – Classifying Products and Services
Lesson – Spending and Savings Plans
Lesson – Researching Spending
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| Explain that the consumption of a good or service can have positive or negative effects on others. |
Lesson – Benefits of Competition
Lesson – Social Responsibility In Management
Lesson – The Product Lifecycle
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| Discuss that when buying a good, consumers may consider various aspects and features of the product. |
Lesson – Researching Spending
Lesson – Buying a car
Lesson – Planning Long Term Purchases
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| Describe ways that consumers may be influenced by how the price of a good is expressed. |
Lesson – Consumer Rights and Responsibilities
Lesson – Analyzing Consumer Behavior
Lesson – Pricing Strategies
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| Discuss ways people incur costs and realize benefits when searching for information related to their purchases of goods and services. |
Lesson – Researching Spending
Lesson – Buying a Car
Lesson – Planning Long Term Purchases
Lesson – Good Debt, Bad Debt
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| Explain that people may choose to donate money to charitable organizations and other not-for-profit organizations because they gain satisfaction from donating. |
Lesson – Charitable Giving
Lesson – Spending and Savings Plans
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| Explain how governments establish laws and institutions to provide consumers with information about goods or services being purchased and to protect consumers. |
Lesson – Consumer Rights and Responsibilities
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| Evaluate how different forms of payment can result in costs or fees. |
Budget Game – Core Component
Activity – Use the Credit Card Payments Calculator
Lesson – Good Debt, Bad Debt
Lesson – Short-Term Financing
Lesson – Managing Bills
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| Develop a budget based on a given income and expenses for long-term and short-term financial goals. |
Budget Game – Core Component
Lesson – Pay Yourself First
Lesson – Budgeting
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| Understand that when individuals or business owners buy or sell goods or services, they may enter into contracts. |
Lesson – What Makes a Contract Valid?
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| Evaluate and interpret terms and conditions within a contract. |
Lesson – What Makes a Contract Valid?
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| Understand the process of identifying and contesting an incorrect billing statement. |
Lesson – Reconciling Accounts
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| Saving |
Activity |
Long-Term Game |
Comprehensive Chapter |
Short Lesson |
Interactive Calculator |
Graded Assessment |
| Describe the different types of accounts and financial products offered through banking institutions. |
Lesson – Banks, Credit Unions, and Savings and Loans
Lesson – Debit Cards
Lesson – Credit Cards
Lesson – Mortgages
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| Compare and contrast the characteristics of the various accounts and services offered by depository institutions. |
Lesson – Banks, Credit Unions, and Savings and Loans
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| Explain how people should regularly track and manage funds in their account to ensure enough funds are available in those accounts to cover an outstanding transactions or future automated withdrawals. |
Lesson – Automatic Payments
Lesson – Spending and Savings Plans
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| Analyze the impact of spending versus saving. |
Budget Game – Core Component
Activity – Use the Compound Interest Calculator
Lesson – Pay Yourself First
Lesson – Budgeting
Lesson – Budgeting and Spending Strategies
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| Describe how inflation reduces the value of money. |
Lesson – Inflation
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| Compare the difference between the nominal interest rate and the real interest rate. |
Lesson – Importance of Interest Rates
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| Describe ways that money received (or paid) in the future can be compared to money held today by discounting the future value based on the rate of interest. |
Activity – Use the Net Present Value Calculator
Lesson – Time Value of Money
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| Explain ways that government agencies supervise and regulate financial institutions to help protect the safety, soundness, and legal compliance of the United States banking and financial system. |
Lesson – Government Impact on the Economy
Lesson – What is the Federal Reserve?
Lesson – Fiscal Policy Explained
Lesson – Monetary Policy
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| Describe government policies that create incentives and disincentives for people to save. |
Lesson – What are Incentives?
Lesson – Monetary Policy
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| Explain how employer benefit programs create incentives and disincentives to save and how an employee’s decision to save can depend on how the alternatives are presented by the employer. |
Lesson – Preparing for Retirement
Lesson – Income and Compensation
Lesson – Workplace Benefits
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| Using Credit |
Activity |
Long-Term Game |
Comprehensive Chapter |
Short Lesson |
Interactive Calculator |
Graded Assessment |
| Analyze the ways that consumers can compare the cost of credit by using the annual percentage rate (APR), initial fees charged, and fees charged for late payment or missed payments. |
Lesson – Using Credit
Lesson – Credit Cards
Lesson – Short-Term Financing
Lesson – Good Debt, Bad Debt
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| Explain why banks and financial institutions sometimes compete by offering credit at low introductory rates. |
Lesson – Using Credit
Lesson – Credit Cards
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| Explain that loans can be unsecured or secured with collateral. |
Lesson – Using Credit
Lesson – Credit Cards
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| Describe the factors that influence the cost of borrowing from the perspective of the buyer and the seller, such as down payments and interest rates. |
Activity – Use the Car Loans Calculator
Activity – Use the Home Budgeting Calculator
Lesson – Buying a Car
Lesson – Mortgages
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| Explain that lenders make credit decisions based in part on consumer payment history. |
Lesson – Credit Reports
Lesson – Using Credit
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| Demonstrate an understanding of completing a loan application. |
Lesson – Credit Reports
Lesson – Mortgages
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| Discuss that lenders can pay to receive a borrower’s credit score from a credit bureau. |
Lesson – Credit Reports
| | | | | |
| Analyze the costs and benefits associated with credit cards. |
Lesson – Using Credit
Lesson – Credit Cards
Lesson – Good Debt, Bad Debt
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| Describe that, in addition to assessing a person’s credit risk, credit reports and scores may be requested and used by employers in hiring decisions, property owners in deciding whether to rent apartments, and insurance companies in charging premiums. |
Lesson – Credit Reports
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| Examine the fact that failure to repay a loan has significant consequences for borrowers such as negative entries on their credit report, repossession of property (collateral), garnishment of wages, and the inability to obtain loans in the future. |
Lesson – Managing Debt
Lesson – Credit Reports
Lesson – Good Debt, Bad Debt
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| Explain that consumers who have difficulty repaying debt can seek assistance through credit counseling services and by negotiating directly with creditors. |
Lesson – Debt Management Services
Lesson – Consolidating Debt
Lesson – Debt Negotiation
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| Explain how bankruptcy may be an option for consumers who are unable to repay debt. |
Lesson – Bankruptcy
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| Explain that people often apply for a mortgage to purchase a home. |
Activity – Use the Home Budgeting Calculator
Lesson – Mortgages
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| Discuss that consumers who use credit should be aware of laws that are in place to protect them. |
Lesson – Credit Cards
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| Explain that consumers are entitled to a free copy of their credit report annually. |
Lesson – Credit Reports
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| Analyze how postsecondary education can be financed through a combination of scholarships, grants, and other financial aid (e.g., Bright Futures, work-study, student loans, and savings). |
Lesson – Student Loans
Lesson – Work vs Study
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| Compare different types of student loans and understand how to complete a student loan application. |
Lesson Student Loans
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| Financial Investing |
Activity |
Long-Term Game |
Comprehensive Chapter |
Short Lesson |
Interactive Calculator |
Graded Assessment |
| Explain the purpose of the following investments: stocks, bonds, mutual funds, index funds, and Exchange-Traded Funds (ETFs); real estate; money markets and annuities; and others (e.g., commodities). |
Stock Game – Core Component
Investing 101 – Chapter 01 (Introduction to Investing)
Lesson – Investing Strategies
Lesson – Building a Diversified Portfolio
Lesson – What are Stocks?
Lesson – What is an ETF?
Lesson – What is a Mutual Fund?
Lesson – What are Bonds?
Lesson – What are Annuities?
| | | | | |
| Compare the ways that tax rates vary on different types of investments. |
Activity – Practice Filing The Form 1040
Lesson – Taxation Overview
Lesson – Common Tax Additions
Lesson – Tax Filing and the Form 1040
| | | | | |
| Explain how the expenses of buying, selling, and holding financial assets decrease the rate of return from an investment. |
Stock Game – Core Component
Activity – Use the Investment Return Calculator
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| Discuss that buyers and sellers in financial markets determine prices of financial assets and therefore influence the rates of return on those assets. |
Stock Game – Core Component
Lesson – Supply and Demand Example in the Stock Market
Lesson – Understanding Price Movements
Lesson – How to Choose and Compare Stocks
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| Discuss the trade-off between risk and return in comparing financial investments. |
Stock Game – Core Component
Lesson – Investing Strategies
Lesson – Building a Diversified Portfolio
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| Explain that shorter-term investments will likely have lower rates of return than longer-term investments. |
Activity – Use the Compound Interest Calculator
Activity – Use the Saving to be a Millionaire Calculator
Lesson – What is Wealth?
Lesson – building Wealth
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| Describe how diversifying investments in different types of financial assets can lower investment risk. |
Stock Game – Core Component
Lesson – Investing Strategies
Lesson – Building a Diversified Portfolio
| | | | | |
| Describe how financial markets adjust to current events and financial news, and that prices in those markets reflect what is publicly known about those financial assets. |
Stock Game – Core Component
Investing 101 – Chapter 02 (How The Stock Market Works and Why It Works)
Lesson – Understanding Price Movements
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| Discuss ways that prices of financial assets are affected by interest rates, changes in domestic and international economic conditions, monetary policy, and fiscal policy. |
Stock Game – Core Component
Lesson – The Business Cycle
Lesson – Importance of Interest Rates
Lesson – What is Economics?
Lesson – Fiscal Polocy Explained
Lesson – Monetary Policy
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| Explain that people vary in their willingness to take risks because the willingness to take risks depends on factors such as personality, income, time horizon, and family situation. |
Investing 101 – Chapter 04 (Building Your $100,000 Portfolio)
Lesson – Risk
Lesson – Investing Strategy
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| Describe why an economic role for a government may exist if individuals do not have complete information about the nature of alternative investments or access to competitive financial markets. |
Lesson – Government Impact on the Economy
| | | | | |
| Compare the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC), the Federal Reserve, and other government agencies that regulate financial markets. |
Investing 101 – Chapter 06 (Fundamental Analysis: Understanding Earnings and Cash Flow)
Lesson – What is the Federal Reserve?
Lesson – Understanding the Role of Accountants in Business and Society
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| Describe the purpose of the following accounts that hold investments: various retirement accounts (e.g., 401(k), 403(b), Traditional IRA, Roth IRA), education accounts (e.g., 529 savings plan, Coverdell Education Savings Account (ESA)), and taxable investment brokerage accounts. |
Lesson – Preparing for Retirement
Lesson – What is Wealth?
Lesson – What is a Brokerage?
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| Evaluate the motives for using a digital currency.
| | | | | | |
| Protecting and Insuring |
Activity |
Long-Term Game |
Comprehensive Chapter |
Short Lesson |
Interactive Calculator |
Graded Assessment |
| Describe how individuals vary with respect to their willingness to accept risk and why most people are willing to pay a small cost now if it means they can avoid a possible larger loss later. |
Lesson – Risk
Lesson – Life Insurance
Lesson – Health Insurance
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| Understand that insurance companies charge premiums to create a pool of money from which the company uses to pay for losses incurred by policyholders. |
Lesson – Health Insurance
Lesson – Disability Insurance
Lesson – Car Insurance
| | | | | |
| Analyze and evaluate the cost-effectiveness of supplemental insurance. |
Lesson – Life Insurance
Lesson – Health Insurance
Lesson – Home Owner’s Insurance
| | | | | |
| Describe why people choose different amounts of insurance coverage based on their willingness to accept risk, as well as their occupation, lifestyle, age, financial profile, and the price of insurance. |
Lesson – Rental Agreements and Homeowner’s Associations
Lesson – Home Owner’s Insurance
Lesson – Car Insurance
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| Explain how governments and contractual obligations can influence the decisions and responsibilities of individuals to obtain different forms of insurance. |
Lesson – Car Insurance
Lesson – Rental Insurance
Lesson – Health Insurance
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| Describe how an insurance contract can increase the probability or size of a potential loss. |
Lesson – Health Insurance
Lesson – Car Insurance
| | | | | |
| Explain that people can lower insurance premiums by behaving in ways that show they pose a lower risk. |
Lesson – Car Insurance
| | | | | |
| Identify the purposes of various types of insurance. |
Lesson – Car Insurance
Lesson – Rental Insurance
Lesson – Health Insurance
Lesson – Life Insurance
Lesson – Disability Insurance
| | | | | |
| Explain how government programs provide a social safety net that protects an individual from an economic hardship created by unexpected events. |
Lesson – Health Insurance
Lesson – Disability Insurance
| | | | | |
| Identify how responsible use of personal information can prevent identity theft. |
Lesson – Protecting Against Fraud
Lesson – What are Financial Records?
| | | | | |
| Compare federal and state regulations that provide some remedies and assistance for victims of identity theft. |
Lesson – Protecting Against Fraud
| | | | | |
| Identify the implications of social networking sites and other online activity on an individual’s digital footprint. |
Lesson – Protecting Against Fraud
| | | | | |
| Explain that financial planning includes preparing for all contingencies, including death. |
Lesson – Life Insurance
Lesson – Family Planning
Lesson – Preparing for Retirement
| | | | | |
| Explain the implications of receiving an inheritance. |
Lesson – Common Tax Additions
Lesson – Simple and Living Wills
| | | | | |
| Examine laws and regulations concerning personal finance. |
Lesson – Credit Cards
Lesson – Consumer Rights and Responsibilities
Lesson – When to Hire a Tax Professional
Lesson – Debt Management Services
Lesson – Certifications in the Finance Industry
Lesson – Taxation Overview
Lesson – Tax Audits
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